1911 Revolution
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• Causes
• End of notion of reform based on Chinese classics
• Introduction of social Darwinism
• Growth of Education
• Most of the 8,000 chinese students in Japan organised propaganda for the revolution
• Nature
• Military Mutiny in Wuhan. (Double tenth (10.10.1911)
• Troops ordered to suppress dissidents refused
• Spark needed
• Copycat risings.
• 3 Provinces declare themselves independent
• Rebels gather in Nanking to declare republic.
• Manchus appealed to Yuan Shikai, who
• Appeared to reorganise and defend government
• Actually plotted overthrow
• Had a vendetta against Manchus
• Disliked Republicanism
• Aimed to replace Manchus with himself as Emperor

• 4 months later
• Yuan Shikai does deal with Republicans
• Peking and the provisional president in Nanking recommended Yüan to be the first president of China
• Allowed to take over as President of new Republic, in return for negotiating constitution and persuade Manchus to resign.
• 1912 Yuan agrees
• Presents himself to outside world as emperor in order to negotiate loans
• Manchus resign
• Constitution introduced, Revolution complete.

Other Notes in this Category

1. 1898 Boxer Risings
2. 1911 Revolution
3. Causes of the Growth of Nationalism
4. Northern Expedition & White Terror 1923-7
5. Position before 1911
6. Situation Before 1900
7. Situation before 1911
8. Warlord Era 196-27, Growth of CCP
9. Yuan Shikai and Sun Yatsen

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